ChatGPT的涉华话语构建——基于ChatGPT生成文本的话语分析

Research on the Construction of ChatGPT's Discourse Concerning China——A Discourse Analysis Based on ChatGPT Generated Texts

  • 摘要: 研究ChatGPT的涉华话语构建,有利于揭示其话语中暗藏的意识形态倾向及其背后的权力关系。设置“中国特色社会主义”相关的代表性关键词,将其与ChatGPT进行对话,并以费尔克拉夫的批判话语分析三维模型为理论框架,结合语料库技术对ChatGPT生成的文本进行话语分析,发现:在文本维度,ChatGPT通过构建威权话语、人权话语、威胁冲突话语等负面叙事,再现了西方价值观主导下的中国意识形态偏见;在话语实践维度,ChatGPT通过间接话语与无标记话语相结合的方式进行无责任构建,同时运用黑格尔式的辩证逻辑进行正反呈现与总结,在加强话语说服力度的同时掩盖了其背后的意识形态立场;在社会实践维度,ChatGPT的涉华话语构建受到西方主导的数据集、智能话语生产逻辑以及美西方政治与资本意识形态的共同影响。研究表明,ChatGPT未能脱离美西方意识形态话语框架,而是沦为智能技术遮蔽下的美西方意识形态代理人。

     

    Abstract: Studying the construction of ChatGPT's discourse on China is conducive to revealing the ideological tendencies hidden in its discourse and the power relationships behind them. Representative keywords related to "socialism with Chinese characteristics" are adopted to interact with ChatGPT. Based on this, it uses Fairclough's three-dimensional model of critical discourse analysis as the theoretical framework and combines corpus technology to conduct discourse analysis on the text generated by ChatGPT. At the textual dimension, ChatGPT reproduces ideological bias against China under the dominance of Western values by constructing narratives such as authoritarian discourse, human rights discourse, and threatening conflict discourse. In the dimension of discourse practice, ChatGPT constructs irresponsibility through a combination of indirect discourse and unmarked discourse, while using Hegelian dialectical logic to present and summarize both positive and negative aspects. While strengthening the persuasiveness of discourse, it conceals the ideological stance behind it. From the perspective of social practice, the construction of ChatGPT's discourse on China is influenced by Western dominated datasets, intelligent discourse production logic, and the combined influence of American and Western political and capital ideologies. Research has shown that ChatGPT has not been able to break away from the ideological discourse framework of the United States and the West, and has become an agent of American and Western ideology under the cover of intelligent technology.

     

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