独坐的风景:唐诗独坐空间的建构及其美学意义

The Scenery of Sitting alone: The Construction of Solitary Sitting Space in Tang Poetry and Its Aesthetic Significance

  • 摘要: 唐代是中国坐文化的转型期,坐具、坐姿等都发生了较重要的变化,坐的形象日益进入审美视野。唐诗中对于独坐场景的描写不仅数量上较前代有大幅度提升,内容与艺术技法上也有较多开拓,尤其体现在对独坐空间的建构上。在身体空间与外部空间的交融中,唐诗的独坐书写显示出情境化的特点与哲学化的意味,形成了更广阔的诗意空间。唐诗通过自然与人工的气氛之物营造独坐的气氛空间,使得独坐具有了多元化的美感氛围,也更具诗意色彩。唐代诗人以审美和自省两种视角描写独坐,深化并开拓了独坐的心理空间。经过多元化的建构,独坐成为一种内蕴丰富的姿态,具有了风景的意义。这种经过唐诗形塑的美学姿态,对于宋代及以后诗歌中的同类描写,乃至绘画等领域的艺术创造,都有着深远的影响。

     

    Abstract: The Tang Dynasty was a transitional period of Chinese sitting culture, with significant changes in seating furniture and posture, during which the image of sitting increasingly entered the aesthetic field. The description of solitary sitting scenes in Tang poetry has not only significantly increased in quantity compared to the preceding dynasties, but also expanded in content and artistic techniques, especially in the construction of solitary sitting spaces. Tang Dynasty poets further enriched the space for sitting alone, and also focused on connecting indoor and outdoor spaces, forming a broader poetic space. Tang poetry created a solitary atmosphere space through natural and artificial objects, endowing solitary sitting with diverse aesthetic atmospheres and more poetic charm. Tang Dynasty poets depicted sitting alone from both aesthetic and introspective perspectives, deepening and exploring the psychological space of sitting alone. This aesthetic posture shaped by Tang poetry had a profound impact on similar descriptions in poetry during the Song Dynasty and beyond, as well as artistic creations in fields such as painting.

     

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