陆游《钗头凤》词调史考察及明清同调创作之流变

A Study on the History of the Ci Tune Chaitoufeng by LU You and the Evolution of Its Creation in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

  • 摘要: 陆游《钗头凤》广为流传,从其词调分体发展与明清同调创作中,可探索名篇经典化的新路径。《钗头凤》词调经陆游参与创作并改定调名后,在宋元依托本事与歌曲两种形式流传。明代词谱选择陆游《钗头凤》为例词,奠定其词调内部的核心地位;清代词谱对其进行溯源与分体考辨,凸显辨体意识。明清《钗头凤》词作在各方面反映出陆游词的影响,调名与“凤钗”意象的互动、闺怨主题的拓展以及声情格律的选择,都折射出词体演进中文本与体式的复杂交织进程,是陆游《钗头凤》活跃在词调史中的鲜活例证,亦可窥明清词创作情境一隅。

     

    Abstract: LU You's Chaitoufeng is widely circulated. By examining the development of its ci tune (词调, cidiao) in different styles and the works created to the same tune in the Ming and Qing dynasties, we can explore a new path for the canonization of famous ci poems. After LU You participated in the creation of the ci tune Chaitoufeng and revised its name, it spread in the Song and Yuan dynasties in two forms: relying on its original story and as a song. In the Ming dynasty, ci rhyme books selected LU You's Chaitoufeng as an example, establishing its core position within the ci tune. In the Qing dynasty, ci rhyme books traced its origin and discriminated its different styles, highlighting the awareness of style differentiation. The works of Chaitoufeng in the Ming and Qing dynasties reflected the influence of LU You's ci in various aspects. The interaction between the tune name and the image of "phoenix hairpin", the expansion of the theme of boudoir resentment, and the choice of vocal emotion and metrical patterns all reflect the complex interweaving process of texts and forms in the evolution of ci. These works serve as vivid examples of LU You's Chaitoufeng being active in the history of ci tunes and also offer a glimpse into the creative context of ci in the Ming and Qing dynasties.

     

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