Abstract: Fostering virtue and nurturing a new generation of capable young people is fundamental. Against the backdrop of comprehensively promoting the rule of law and accelerating the rule of law in education, it is particularly urgent to use legal means to regulate and strengthen the professional ethics of teachers in the field of education. However, in current theory and practice, it has encountered a dual dilemma of methodology and ontology, which is reflected in two major problems: the separation of research perspectives between “managers” and “regulators”, and the insufficient differentiation of standards and mechanisms between morality and law. To break through the limitations of traditional research, it is possible to reasonably reconcile the two methods and paths of promoting the strengthening of teacher professional ethics regulating under the guidance of the concept of balance and rule of law, and make biased arrangements for the direction of the governance mechanisms of morality and law. Specifically, in terms of methodology, we adhere to the “law norm” interaction, “rights order” symbiosis, “guidance punishment protection” closed-loop, and a co-governance model involving multiple regulatory subjects; at the ontological level, a reasonable and optimal arrangement is made for the three elements of moral values, behavioral norms, and prohibitive rules, forming a system of institutional norms oriented towards four dimensions: ideology, behavior, prohibitions, and occupational protection. Actively exploring a reasonable path for the legal construction of teacher professional ethics while adhering to the principles of originality and innovation.