Integration of the "Three Cooperatives" and the Consolidation and Expansion of Poverty Alleviation

The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee emphasized the need to continuously consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation.An analytical framework is constructed based on cooperative game theory, and in combination with case evidence, examines the practical effects of integrating village collective economic organizations, grassroots supply and marketing cooperatives, and farmers' specialized cooperatives. The findings show that the "Three-Cooperative" integration model, through close collaboration among village collectives, farmers' cooperatives, and supply and marketing cooperatives, has preliminarily established a cooperative platform spanning the agricultural value chain, thereby achieving resource complementarity, mutual benefit, and coordinated development. The effective implementation of this model depends on several supporting conditions, including grassroots organizations with adequate service capacity, sustained policy and fiscal support, characteristic leading industries serving as industrial carriers, and well-designed benefit-sharing mechanisms. Given these conditions, the integration model should be promoted in a context-specific manner, rather than through mechanical replication. As an institutional innovation in China's anti-poverty practice and governance approach, the integration of the "Three Cooperatives" has successfully created a win-win interest pattern among village collectives, cooperatives, supply and marketing cooperatives, and farm households, providing a viable organizational foundation and practical pathway for rural economic development and the sustained consolidation and expansion of poverty alleviation achievements.