A Study on the History of the Ci Tune Chaitoufeng by LU You and the Evolution of Its Creation in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

LU You's Chaitoufeng is widely circulated. By examining the development of its ci tune (词调, cidiao) in different styles and the works created to the same tune in the Ming and Qing dynasties, we can explore a new path for the canonization of famous ci poems. After LU You participated in the creation of the ci tune Chaitoufeng and revised its name, it spread in the Song and Yuan dynasties in two forms: relying on its original story and as a song. In the Ming dynasty, ci rhyme books selected LU You's Chaitoufeng as an example, establishing its core position within the ci tune. In the Qing dynasty, ci rhyme books traced its origin and discriminated its different styles, highlighting the awareness of style differentiation. The works of Chaitoufeng in the Ming and Qing dynasties reflected the influence of LU You's ci in various aspects. The interaction between the tune name and the image of "phoenix hairpin", the expansion of the theme of boudoir resentment, and the choice of vocal emotion and metrical patterns all reflect the complex interweaving process of texts and forms in the evolution of ci. These works serve as vivid examples of LU You's Chaitoufeng being active in the history of ci tunes and also offer a glimpse into the creative context of ci in the Ming and Qing dynasties.