王国维沪上贩画考论

On WANG Guowei's Selling Collections of Paintings in Shanghai

  • 摘要: 王国维一生经济颇为拮据,这与其专力学术, 不遑费心费力谋生有关。但在1916年8月至1917年初,因为与哈同花园合作不畅,王国维对是否继续编纂《学术丛编》心存疑虑;而一旦终止合作,则沪上生活就必须另行考虑。适在此时,商务印书馆股票一路飘红,王国维遂将所购商务股票悉数抛出,一时盈利颇为可观。为了日后生计稳定,王国维以股票所得为本金,在罗振玉指点下,先后两次斥资购买方壶画、唐六如小卷等寄东,并请罗振玉代售。但当时“东人饮河易足”,罗振玉在自身藏品难以售出、经济窘迫的情况下,积极支持并为王国维谋划两宗贩画之事,最终似皆以加价支付的方式悄然自存。罗振玉从弘扬国家学术的角度积极传古,为使天才学者王国维安心治学,努力为其解决生计问题,既系于友情之深切,亦根于学术之广大。其热情、眼界与魄力,亦足让人起敬。

     

    Abstract: WANG Guowei's life was characterized by financial constraints, as a result of his dedication to scholarship and negligence of making efforts to earn a living. However, from August 1916 to early 1917, with his unsuccessful cooperation with Hardoon Garden, WANG hesitated to continue compiling the Academic Series. Once the cooperation was terminated, he had to find another way to survive in Shanghai. Just then, the stock price of the Commercial Press skyrocketed. WANG decided to sell out all his purchased commercial stocks and made a considerable profit. To ensure a stable livelihood for future, taking the equity income as his principal and under the guidance of LUO Zhenyu, WANG Guowei purchased antique paintings on two separate occasions, including one by FANG Fanghu (FANG Conyi) and one by TANG Liuru (TANG Yin), both of which were sent to LUO for sale on a commission basis. Back then antique business was not easy. Despite the difficulties to sell his own collections and the economic distress, LUO painstakingly supported and planned the selling of WANG's two collections. Ultimately he seemed to have kept them in his own collections by paying a higher price. In order to promote the national scholarship, LUO Zhenyu was actively involved in the heritance of ancient civilization; in order to help WANG Guowei, the genius scholar, to pursue his studies without distraction, LUO strived to ensure WANG's financial stability. LUO's painstaking efforts were rooted in both the depth of friendship and the vastness of academy, and his passion, vision and courage are awe-inspiring.

     

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