后殖民叙事遮蔽的水仙花:情动理论视角下的《露西》阐释

Daffodils Obscured by Postcolonial Narrative: An Affective Reading of Lucy

  • 摘要: 在琴凯德的半自传体小说《露西》中,主人公露西背诵《水仙花》诗歌和想象砍断水仙花的情节展现出强烈的个人情动因素,非常耐人寻味。但这两处水仙花书写往往被批评者解读为作者对殖民地体制的反抗,其中蕴含的个人情绪或被忽略,或被误读。借助情动理论关于羞耻和愤怒的论述重新解读该小说可发现,水仙花书写不仅是由其自恋含义而衍生出的对于母女关系的表征符号,更与耻辱感和愤怒这两种情动息息相关。露西是私生女,对亲英派的母亲有异乎寻常的自恋之爱,但是后来觉得被母亲轻视,故而母女关系破裂。露西由此感受到强烈的羞耻,并衍生出自恋性愤怒,以及前反省型自聚焦和他聚焦型愤怒,与母亲有关的人或物都会触发她的滔天怒火。水仙花是露西情动的客观对应物,砍死水仙花的想象其实是她耻辱感和愤怒的情绪宣泄。

     

    Abstract: An affective reading of Lucy, Jamaica Kincaid's semi-autobiographical novel which many consider as a canonical post-colonial text, reveals that the grand narrative of postcoloniality covers up strong personal affects. Admittedly, the two scenes — Lucy's reciting the daffodils poem and her imagining chopping them down — seem justified accusations of the impact of colonialism, but in light of the affect theory, an alternative interpretation can be offered: daffodils, symbolic of narcissism and mother-daughter bond, are entwined with shame and anger. Lucy, an illegitimate child, develops an extraordinary narcissistic love of her Anglophilic mother but feels slighted and despised by her. The broken mother-daughter tie breeds shame which gives rise to narcissistic and pre-reflexive anger that is sometimes other-focused and sometimes self-focused. Whatever evokes the memory of the mother would make Lucy explode. Thus the imaginary act of killing daffodils, the objective correlative of Lucy's anger and shame, is the outlet for the two affects being disguised as or sublimated into protest against colonial institution in the novel and critical discourse.

     

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