Abstract: Ethnic minority areas and deep poverty areas are highly coupled, the products of which are the weak points of the weak links in poverty alleviation. Given the prominent spiritual and ability poverty of the poor in ethnic minority areas, we should pay more attention to cultivating the endogenous impetus of the poor and improving their ability, and combine poverty alleviation with will and wisdom fostering. Specifically, we should first foster the will of the poor in poverty alleviation. In view of the problem that some poor people in ethnic minority areas lack the aspiration to get rid of poverty, it is necessary to find out the reasons and cultivate endogenous impetus of the poor in line with local conditions. Besides, we must foster the wisdom of the poor in poverty alleviation. In view of the problem that some poor people in ethnic minority areas lack the ability to get rid of poverty, it is necessary to take targeted poverty alleviation measures from the aspects of education and so on, so as to prevent the intergenerational transmission of poverty. To sum up, only by stimulating the will of the poor to get rid of poverty and improving the wisdom of the poor to develop themselves, can the poverty alleviation work in ethnic minority areas be sustained and lay a good foundation for rural vitalization.