Abstract: In reflecting on the process of national self-salvation movement, LIANG Shuming proposed the concept of "New Rites and Customs" based on the idea of social inclusiveness in politics. The revival of the Chinese nation cannot simply replicate Western legal system; it should activate the "power hidden within the traditional Chinese roots" by revitalizing both the "resoluteness" attitude towards life and the reconstruction of an ethical-based social structure. "New Rites and Customs" can thus be understood as a comprehensive concept that integrates personal cultivation (inner sageness) with social construction (outward kingliness), which represents LIANG Shuming's unique solution for rural construction. Specifically, he advocates for the cultivation of "Chinese rationalism" to foster a democratic spirit and facilitate communication and reconciliation between Chinese and Western cultures in the actual Chinese society. LIANG emphasizes starting from rural areas, using Peasant School as practical platforms to bring intellectuals and farmers together in villages, inspiring individuals to have noble life goals, and establishing modern organizations rich in ethical bonds.