Abstract: Marxism is a kind of ideology, and the Marxist ideology of China has profoundly influenced the development of modern Chinese society. Why is this historical fact possible and how is it possible? Research on this subject needs not only logic analysis from the academic level but also exploration from the historical level. The three great debates happened in modern Chinese academic circles were the big events of ideology. On the one hand, the debates promoted the ideological transition of Marxism, and on the other hand, the debates became the historical starting point of the sinicization of Marxist ideology and constituted its content of development, providing continuous knowledge interpretation and ideological support for the later development of Chinese society.