Abstract: Household garbage pollution control is directly related to the overall effect of rural environmental control. The survey data of rural households in Hunan Province and the ordered Logit model were used to study the effects and mechanisms of pollution perception and village identity on peasant household waste treatment behaviors. It was found that: pollution perception has a significant positive effect on rural households' waste disposal behavior. The direct effect of village identity on farmers' household waste disposal behavior is not significant, but it indirectly promotes villagers' household waste disposal behavior through the intermediary mechanism of institutional trust. Village identity played a significant positive adjustment role in pollution perceptions influencing farmers' household waste disposal behavior. Therefore, we propose policy suggestions to enhance farmers' perception and awareness of household waste pollution and its harmfulness, cultivate and strengthen farmers' village identity, and enhance the credibility and legal administrative ability of village cadres, in order to effectively promote the normalization and environmental protection of farmers' household waste disposal behavior and achieve the goal of ecological livability.