Abstract: Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, China has insisted on prioritizing the development of education, and the construction of teachers has become a core issue in the development of education in the new era, which has led to the formation of a relatively stable academic research system of "virtue", "reputation", "remuneration" and "labour". On "virtue", the focus of research has shifted from identification of connotations to practical concerns, with emphasis on teacher moral building initiatives. On "labour", teachers' work intensity has become an important issue of concern to academics. On "remuneration", the overall picture of the salary and benefits of primary and secondary school teachers in China and the targeted measures have been outlined in a historical and comparative perspective. On "reputation", the multi-dimensional teacher social prestige in China has been outlined. Despite the achievements, the limitations of teacher research, such as the vast number of repetitive studies and the insufficient attention to some important topics, are obvious.